Systematic Literature Review: Penentuan Dimensi Vertikal pada Pasien Gigi Tiruan Lengkap (GTL)

Andi Tenri Biba; Wisma Rahifah

Andi Tenri Biba Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Wisma Rahifah Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Keywords: Dimensi vertikal oklusi, gigi tiruan lengkap, pasien edentulous, prostodontik

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Penentuan dimensi vertikal oklusi (VDO) merupakan komponen penting dalam rehabilitasi prostodontik pada pasien edentulous pengguna gigi tiruan lengkap (GTL), karena memengaruhi fungsi mastikasi, fonetik, kenyamanan, dan estetika, serta kesalahannya dapat mengganggu sistem stomatognatik. Tujuan: Meninjau secara sistematis bukti ilmiah terkini mengenai metode penentuan VDO pada pasien GTL. Metode: Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review dengan pedoman PRISMA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada beberapa basis data ilmiah menggunakan kata kunci terkait, dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berbasis PICOS, meliputi populasi pasien edentulous pengguna GTL, artikel orisinal, tahun publikasi 2021 atau sesudahnya, serta bahasa Indonesia dan Inggris. Artikel terpilih dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disintesis sesuai hasil dan pembahasan. Hasil: Tidak ada metode tunggal sebagai standar baku; metode fisiologis, fonetik, antropometri, dan radiografis memiliki kelebihan dan keterbatasan, serta faktor laboratoris turut memengaruhi VDO. Kombinasi beberapa metode direkomendasikan untuk meningkatkan akurasi sesuai kondisi pasien. Kesimpulan: Penentuan VDO sebaiknya dilakukan secara multidimensional dengan evaluasi klinis menyeluruh untuk hasil rehabilitasi optimal.

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